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Nevertheless, there are still calls, including from a descendant of Bonifacio, to let Bonifacio be recognized by the current government as the first Philippine president. Petitions were filed before the current Philippine government to recognize Andres Bonifacio as the first Philippine president.Īccording to Filipino historian Ambeth Ocampo, including Bonifacio as a past president would imply that Macario Sakay and Miguel Malvar should also be included, as Sakay continued Bonifacio's concept of a national Tagalog Republic, and Malvar continued the Philippine Republic which was the culmination of several governments headed by Emilio Aguinaldo that superseded Bonifacio's, Malvar taking over after Aguinaldo's capture. Īlthough the word Tagalog refers to the Tagalog people, a specific ethno-linguistic group mostly in southern Luzon, Bonifacio used the term "Tagalog" in "Tagalog Republic" to denote all non-Spanish peoples of the Philippines in place of Filipinos, which had colonial origins, referring to his concept of the Philippine nation and people as the "Sovereign Tagalog Nation/People" or more precisely "Sovereign Nation of the Tagalog People" (Filipino: Haring Bayang Katagalugan), in effect a synonym of "Tagalog Republic" or more precisely "Republic of the Tagalog Nation/People". However, as noted by Filipino historian Xiao Chua, Bonifacio did not refer himself as Supremo but rather as Kataas-taasang Pangulo (Supreme President), Pangulo ng Kataas-taasang Kapulungan (President of the Supreme Assembly), or Pangulo ng Haring Bayan (President of the Sovereign Nation/People), as evidenced by his own writings. Since Presidente Supremo was shortened to Supremo in contemporary historical accounts of other people, he thus became known by that title alone in traditional Philippine historiography, which by itself was thus understood to mean "Supreme Leader" in contrast to the later "Presidents". While the term Katipunan (and the title "Supreme President") remained, Bonifacio's government was also known as the Tagalog Republic (Spanish: República Tagala Filipino: Republika ng Katagalugan), and the term haring bayan or haringbayan as an adaptation and synonym of "republic", from its Latin roots as res publica. Andrés Bonifacio could be considered the first president of a united Philippines since, while he was the third Supreme President (Spanish: Presidente Supremo Filipino: Kataas-taasang Pangulo) of the Katipunan, a secret revolutionary society that started an open revolt against the Spanish colonial government in August 1896, he transformed the society into a revolutionary government with himself as "President of the Sovereign Nation/People" (Filipino: Pangulo ng Haring Bayan). 5.2 Impeachment attempts and proceedingsįurther information: List of unofficial presidents of the Philippines Early republics Bonifacio's Tagalog Republic ĭepending on the definition chosen for these terms, a number of persons could alternatively be considered the inaugural holder of the office.3.5 Power of eminent domain, escheat, land reservation and recovery of ill gotten wealth.1.4 The Second Republic under the Japanese.1.1.2 Aguinaldo's governments and the First Republic.On June 30, 2016, Rodrigo Duterte was sworn in as the 16th and current president.īongbong Marcos of Partido Federal ng Pilipinas is scheduled to assume office on June 30, 2022, after winning the 2022 Philippine presidential election. No one who has served more than four years of a presidential term is allowed to run or serve again. The president is limited to a single six-year term. įilipinos generally refer to their president as pangulo or presidente in their local language. However, four vice presidents have assumed the presidency without having been elected to the office, by virtue of a president's intra-term death or resignation. The president is directly elected by the people, and is one of only two nationally elected executive officials, the other being the vice president of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of the Philippine government and is the Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. The president of the Philippines ( Filipino: pangulo ng Pilipinas, sometimes referred to as presidente ng Pilipinas) is the head of state and the head of government and chief executive of the Philippines.